Analyzing Income Statements

As a small business owner, it's important to track your growth to remain sustainable. It's much more of a month-to-month task than it is for larger corporations.  But being able to interpret your finances once you track them is equally vital to sustainability. Here are two ways to analyze your income statement as an investor in yourself and your business and to potentially attract outside investors!

2 Ways to Analyze an Income Statement

By John Szramiak 

March 19, 2017

As an investor, you should be digging in to a company’s financial statements.

However, you can’t look at these financials in isolation – it’s important to compare a company’s results to other companies in the selected industry, companies outside of the industry, and against other years to determine whether or not that company might actually be an attractive investment.

This causes difficulties, since it’s hard to compare companies of different sizes. For example, if Company A has $3,000,000 of debt outstanding and Company B has $30,000,000 of debt outstanding, is Company A less risky than Company B? We have no way of knowing, because we don’t know the cash positions of Companies A and B, how profitable Companies A and B are, etc.

Fortunately, there are two forms of analysis that we can perform that will help us look at income statements and balance sheets of different sizes, so that we can compare apples-to-apples – they are: horizontal analysis and vertical analysis.

Both are very easy to understand. Let’s start with horizontal analysis.

WHAT IS HORIZONTAL ANALYSIS?

Horizontal analysis, also called time series analysis, focuses on trends and changes in numbers over time. Horizontal allows you to detect growth patterns, cyclicality, etc. and to compare these factors among different companies.

As an example, let’s take a look at some income statement items for Apple and Google.

It’s almost impossible to tell which is growing faster by just looking at the numbers. So we have to do some calculations. We can perform horizontal analysis on the income statement by simply taking the percentage change for each line item year-over-year.

By using horizontal analysis, we can now clearly see that Google’s revenue, gross profit, and EBITDA grew faster than Apple’s in every year except for 2015. We can even take this one step further by calculating the compound annual growth rate for each line item from 2012 to 2016 (you can do this in Excel by using the function: =rate(nper, pmt, pv, fv)) – this tells us the average rate the companies grew in each year.

Our horizontal analysis (time series analysis) is now officially complete.

WHAT IS VERTICAL ANALYSIS?

Vertical analysis, also called common-size analysis, focuses on the relative size of different line items so that you can easily compare the income statements and balance sheets of different sized companies.

Let’s go back to our income statement items for Apple and Google. Through our horizontal analysis, we know that Google has been growing at a faster and more sustained rate than Apple… but is it a relatively more profitable company? Do both companies profits seem to be sustainable?

To perform vertical analysis (common-size analysis), we take each line item and calculate it as a percentage of revenue so that we can come up with “common size” results for both companies.

Here are just the numbers once again. I’ve added a line for research & development costs as well.

Now, let’s divide each line item by revenue.

So what does this tell us?

For starters, in 2016, Apple generated $0.39 for every $1 dollar in sales it made. Google did much better, generated $0.61 for every $1 in sales it made. However, Google’s other costs (such as sales, marketing, general & administrative, and R&D) are much higher, since Google’s EBITDA margin was 33.7%, compared to Apple’s 34.0%.

We can also look at trends within this vertical analysis. For example, Apple’s gross profit has declined from 43.9% in 2012 to 39.1%, while its R&D expenses as a percentage of revenue have increased from 2.2% to 4.7% over the same time period. This could suggest that Apple is facing tough competitive pressures. Why?

• Trends in gross margin generally reveal how much pricing power a company has. Because Apple’s gross margin is declining, this probably means that (a) Apple is dropping the price of its products to match lower cost competitors, (b) Apple’s costs to produce its products are increasing and Apple is unable to increase prices to offset this, or (c) a combination of both.
• This increase in R&D suggests that Apple is doubling down its efforts to create new, innovative products to offset its competition.

HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL ANALYSIS OF THE BALANCE SHEET

Just like we performed horizontal and vertical analysis on the income statement, we can also run these calculations on the balance sheet (when performing vertical analysis of the balance sheet, line items are usually taken as a percentage of total assets). The process to calculate these ratios is similar to the examples we went through above and are fairly straight forward.

However, I’ve found that horizontal and vertical analysis of the balance sheet is much less helpful than on the income statement (ratios and YoY growth rates are basically requirements when analyzing any income statement) and can often be distorted by accounting policies (for example, is a debt-to-equity ratio really useful if the equity number used is simply a result of various accounting choices made over the years?).

Rather than calculate a “pure ratio” of the balance sheet, we can instead calculate “mixed ratios” – such as an interest coverage ratio (operating income / interest expense), leverage ratio (debt / EBITDA), or even efficiency ratios like days sales outstanding (DSO) and days payable outstanding (DPO).

Reblogged from BusinessInsider.com. To view original article, click here.

Key Accounting Issues for 2017

4 Key Accounting Issues to Watch in 2017
Terry Sheridan
Jan 11, 2017
accountingweb.com

As if 2017 doesn’t promise enough drama and change already, the accounting profession is poised for a year brimming with expected regulatory issues and scrutiny.

Bloomberg BNA recently released its 2017 Tax & Accounting Outlook report that covers the gamut of legislative, state, international, and tax administration issues. But it also highlights the following four key accounting issues that could impact practitioners and companies in the new year.

1. Banks and credit losses. New rules on the reporting of loans and other credit losses portend one of the biggest changes ever in the financial accounting of banks and other companies, the report states.

Under Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which was issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) last June, banks and other lending institutions will be required to measure all expected credit losses for financial assets held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts.

The “current expected credit loss model,” the core of the new standard, replaces the long-standing accounting model shaped around incurred losses.

This year “promises to be a period of preparing for the sweeping modifications in accounting for credit impairments,” the report states. “Companies have to assess what information must be assembled to shift to the new standard.”

Companies that file reports with the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) will apply the new rules beginning in January 2020. Smaller and private companies have until 2021.

“Work that led to the credit losses rules of FASB and the International Accounting Standards Board was spurred by the 2008-09 financial crisis,” the report states. “Working in tandem for several years, the two boards sought to remedy the widely seen problem of recording loan losses ‘too little, too late.’”

2. Insurance. Life insurance and annuities are complex as it is, and a FASB proposal to change insurance accounting rules “brings hurdles, because of challenges inherent in the sector as a whole,” the report states.

Overall, the proposed ASU, Financial Services—Insurance (Topic 944): Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Long-Duration Contracts, seeks to modernize an accounting model dating back more than 35 years that doesn’t address the newest insurance products, Bloomberg BNA says. FASB contends that better and more consistent information will result.

Companies will need more data, which means more IT, internal controls, and more people in an industry that’s already faced cutbacks.

The proposal, which was issued last September, is expected to most affect traditional life insurance companies that issue long-term care policies and disability income, sell participating contracts, and sell products with market risk benefits, such as variable universal life and variable annuities, the report states.

Trouble spots include financial reporting projecting 30 years outward; how companies account for market risk benefits, like variable annuities; and disclosures.

Look for a FASB public roundtable early this year on the proposal and at least some changes to be made final later in the year.

3. Non-GAAP financial reporting. Will the SEC’s intense scrutiny of non-GAAP financial reporting continue this year? That’s the big question, according to Bloomberg BNA. A “flurry” of cautionary letters is expected, says one SEC staffer in the report.

Proponents of non-GAAP reporting indicate that its use can tell a better corporate story than GAAP, particularly in earnings reports. Whether the FASB will get involved isn’t clear, but at least one industry source in the report indicates that the board might want to begin by considering what issues lead to non-GAAP reporting.

When Bloomberg BNA recently asked SEC Chief Accountant Wesley Bricker whether the commission would continue to aggressively address non-GAAP reporting in 2017, he said, “I am confident that the commission will remain focused, as it always has, on the appropriate administration of the securities laws.”

4. Auditor disclosure rules. New requirements in audit transparency and a revamp of the auditor’s report are coming, courtesy of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB).

Beginning on Jan. 31, audit firms must disclose the name of the audit engagement partner in the new PCAOB Form AP, Auditor Reporting of Certain Audit Participants. The form also will disclose other accounting firms that participated if they did at least 5 percent of the total audit hours. Foreign countries already require this.

“US auditors have vehemently opposed this requirement for liability reasons,” the report states.

Audit firms will have until June 30 to disclose the other firms’ participation.

A proposed revision to the auditor’s report will require auditors to explain “critical audit matters,” which PCAOB members initially described as “those matters that kept the auditor awake at night,” the Bloomberg BNA report states.

The board also wants experienced or “lead” auditors to supervise inexperienced auditors instead of simply signing off on their work.

The report cites an email from Larry Shover, a member of the PCAOB’s Investor Advisory Group, in which he states that the supervision of other auditors is the most significant of all the board’s projects to investors.

New Year's Payroll Resolutions

We want to help you start off the New Year right with your payroll services.  Having served Richmond’s small business community for over 10 years, we have seen a demand for affordable accounting services, including payroll, and have decided to fill it.  Beginning in 2017 we are offering competitively priced, comprehensive payroll services that are tailored specifically to your small businesses’ needs.

Through our platform, business owners and employees alike can log in through a website to easily view payroll periods, expenses and reports. Employees can download pay stubs and W2s.  Payroll advances, garnishments, and before and after tax deduction reports that any other full-service payroll company can provide, including:

-Year-to-Date Reports
-Check Register
-Taxable Wages
-Cash Requirements Report
-Generate checks
-Worker’s Comp Audits
-Direct Deposit

We are offering flat-fee rates for businesses with 10 or fewer employees and have a variety of flexible solutions for over 10 employees.  We want to save you time, money and headaches by filling your payroll needs.

Payroll Complaince Update

As Accounting Works rounds out the rest of the year, we will be turning our focus to offering comprehensive and competitively priced payroll services to our clients in 2017!  With an easy to use platform, we will be offering a flat rate for businesses with 10 or fewer employees and only a small fee for any additional employees! Of course, we'd like to work with any size business, so if you have a larger company we'd be happy to work out a plan that fits your needs.

That being said, it can be hard as a small business owner to keep up with changing regulations, especially if you're doing payroll yourself.  As a reminder, these payroll changes will take effect December 1, 2016!

Final Rule: Overtime
From the Wage and Hour Division (WHD) of the US Dept of Labor

Defining and Delimiting the Exemptions for Executive, Administrative, Professional, Outside Sales and Computer Employees under the Fair Labor Standards Act

On May 18, 2016, President Obama and Secretary Perez announced the publication of the Department of Labor’s final rule updating the overtime regulations, which will automatically extend overtime pay protections to over 4 million workers within the first year of implementation. This long-awaited update will result in a meaningful boost to many workers’ wallets, and will go a long way toward realizing President Obama’s commitment to ensuring every worker is compensated fairly for their hard work.

In 2014, President Obama signed a Presidential Memorandum directing the Department to update the regulations defining which white collar workers are protected by the FLSA's minimum wage and overtime standards. Consistent with the President's goal of ensuring workers are paid a fair day's pay for a hard day's work, the memorandum instructed the Department to look for ways to modernize and simplify the regulations while ensuring that the FLSA's intended overtime protections are fully implemented.

The Department published a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM) in the Federal Register on July 6, 2015 (80 FR 38515) and invited interested parties to submit written comments on the proposed rule at www.regulations.gov by September 4, 2015. The Department received over 270,000 comments in response to the NPRM from a variety of interested stakeholders. The feedback the Department received helped shape the Final Rule.

Key Provisions of the Final Rule

The Final Rule focuses primarily on updating the salary and compensation levels needed for Executive, Administrative and Professional workers to be exempt. Specifically, the Final Rule:

1. Sets the standard salary level at the 40th percentile of earnings of full-time salaried workers in the lowest-wage Census Region, currently the South ($913 per week; $47,476 annually for a full-year worker);
2. Sets the total annual compensation requirement for highly compensated employees (HCE) subject to a minimal duties test to the annual equivalent of the 90th percentile of full-time salaried workers nationally ($134,004); and
3. Establishes a mechanism for automatically updating the salary and compensation levels every three years to maintain the levels at the above percentiles and to ensure that they continue to provide useful and effective tests for exemption.

Additionally, the Final Rule amends the salary basis test to allow employers to use nondiscretionary bonuses and incentive payments (including commissions) to satisfy up to 10 percent of the new standard salary level.

The effective date of the final rule is December 1, 2016. The initial increases to the standard salary level (from $455 to $913 per week) and HCE total annual compensation requirement (from $100,000 to $134,004 per year) will be effective on that date. Future automatic updates to those thresholds will occur every three years, beginning on January 1, 2020.

Do You Qualify for the Earned Income Tax Credit?

As a small business owner, you could qualify for the Earned Income Tax Credit!  It's different than itemized deduction and available for those that qualify with or without children.

What is the Earned Income Tax Credit?
By Maurie Backman on Fool.com

Taxes can be a huge burden for low-income Americans who need every penny they can get to pay the bills. Thankfully, there are tax credits available to help lower earners make ends meet. One such credit is the Earned Income Tax Credit. The Earned Income Tax Credit, or EITC, is a federal tax credit that can save eligible low-income Americans money on their taxes. You must meet certain criteria to file for the EITC, but if you qualify, you could receive up to $6,318 for 2017. Best of all, the EITC is refundable, which means that if it reduces your tax liability to $0, you'll actually get a check for the difference.


Tax credits versus deductions

Some people use the terms "tax credit" and "tax deduction" interchangeably, but in reality, they're not the same thing. A tax deduction reduces your taxable income, while a tax credit is a dollar-for-dollar reduction of your tax liability. If you're eligible for a $3,000 tax deduction and your effective tax rate is 25%, that deduction will save you $750 in taxes. But if you get a $3,000 tax credit, it'll save you $3,000 in taxes.

Now many tax credits are non-refundable, which means that if they reduce your tax liability to $0 with money left over, you won't be eligible to receive the difference. The EITC, however, is refundable, which means that it has the potential to put even more money back in your pocket. Let's say you owe $2,000 in taxes but are eligible for an EITC credit in the amount of $3,400. Because the EITC is refundable, you'll actually get a check for $1,400.

How do I get the Earned Income Tax Credit?

There are certain criteria you must meet to be eligible for the EITC. To qualify, you must have earned income from a job or business that you own. Furthermore, your tax filing status must be single, married filing jointly, head of household, or qualifying widow. Additionally, for 2017, your investment income for the year can't exceed $3,450.

There are also income limits that determine your eligibility to receive the Earned Income Tax Credit, and they depend on the number of qualifying children you have in your household. The following table shows what the 2017 EITC income limits are based on your tax filing status and number of qualifying children:

How much can I get from the Earned Income Tax Credit?

The amount of money you get from the EITC depends on your income and number of qualifying children. For 2017, the maximum you'll receive from the EITC is:

• $6,318 if you have three or more qualifying children
• $5,616 if you have two qualifying children
• $3,400 if you have one qualifying child
• $510 if you don't have any qualifying children

Don't pass up free money

To benefit from the Earned Income Tax Credit, all you need to do is claim it on your tax return. Surprisingly, an estimated 20% of eligible tax filers fail to claim the EITC and lose out on much-needed money each year as a result. If you're a low earner, it pays to see whether the Earned Income Tax Credit could lower your taxes or, better yet, put extra cash back in your pocket this year.

The $15,834 Social Security bonus most retirees completely overlook
If you're like most Americans, you're a few years (or more) behind on your retirement savings. But a handful of little-known "Social Security secrets" could help ensure a boost in your retirement income. For example: one easy trick could pay you as much as $15,834 more... each year! Once you learn how to maximize your Social Security benefits, we think you could retire confidently with the peace of mind we're all after.

Celebrate National Wine Tasting Day @ Secco Wine Bar

Did you know that November 5, 2016 is National Wine Tasting Day?  As an avid wine drinker, I was delighted to learn of the event and excited that it gave me an excuse to visit one of my favorite clients in Richmond serving my favorite beverage— Secco Wine Bar! Having recently moved to their new location (something we both have in common...) they've been able to expand their menu as well as their seating with a heated patio outdoors and more space inside.  Celebrate this holiday with me and go to your favorite local wine bar...as if you needed the excuse.

Payroll Services for Small Business

Accounting Works has offered a variety of accounting services in Richmond for many years, working with many small business owners has made us realize that there are certain accounting needs not being met. I am speaking of Payroll Services.  Small to medium size businesses feel that the cost of outsourcing this service is not justifiable and instead opt to handle it in house, consuming both time and resources they can’t afford to lose. This has prompted us to begin a program for Payroll Services for businesses who need it.

Start your small business Spring Cleaning with payroll services at Accounting Works.  We are offering flexible and affordable payroll solutions to save small business owners time at a competitive price! Through our platform, business owners and employees alike can log in through the website. Employers can easily view payroll periods, expenses and reports. Employees can download pay stubs and W2s.  Payroll advances, garnishments, and before and after tax deduction reports that any other full-service payroll company can provide, including:

• Year-to-Date Reports
• Check Register
• Taxable Wages
• Cash Requirements Report
• Generate checks
• Worker’s Comp Audits
• Direct Deposit

For employers with 10 or fewer employees, we are offering these services for a flat fee of $155 per month, with only a small charge for any additional employees.  If you have more than 10 employees, don’t worry! We will work with you on a bulk solution to your payroll needs.

Accounting Works has been providing affordable accounting services to Small Business owners for years.  We’ve seen the need for affordable payroll solutions and we’re here to help!

Payroll Services for Small Business

Accounting Works has offered a variety of accounting services in Richmond for many years, working with many small business owners has made us realize that there are certain accounting needs not being met. I am speaking of Payroll Services.  Small to medium size businesses feel that the cost of outsourcing this service is not justifiable and instead opt to handle it in house, consuming both time and resources they can’t afford to lose. This has prompted us to begin a program for Payroll Services for businesses who need it.

Make it your New Year’s resolution to start your payroll services with Accounting Works.  We are offering flexible and affordable payroll solutions for small businesses beginning the first of the year! Through our platform, business owners and employees alike can log in through the website. Employers can easily view payroll periods, expenses and reports. Employees can download pay stubs and W2s.  Payroll advances, garnishments, and before and after tax deduction reports that any other full-service payroll company can provide, including:

• Year-to-Date Reports
• Check Register
• Taxable Wages
• Cash Requirements Report
• Generate checks
• Worker’s Comp Audits
• Direct Deposit

For employers with 10 or fewer employees, we are offering these services for a flat fee of $155 per month, with only a small charge for any additional employees.  If you have more than 10 employees, don’t worry! We will work with you on a bulk solution to your payroll needs.

Accounting Works has been providing affordable accounting services to Small Business owners for years.  We’ve seen the need for affordable payroll solutions and we’re here to help!

The Most Helpful Reports for Small Business Accounting

Most small business owners know that data entry - when it comes to your accounting - is important.  What's equally important is interpreting those numbers into meaningful and digestable information that can help your business thrive.  There are as many types of accounting reports as there are software tools to create them.  Here are 10 that may come in handy for you.

The 10 most helpful reports on your accounting software
By Elizabeth Gillam of myob.com

When you own a business it’s all too easy to be caught up in the day-to-day running of the business. You find yourself working in the business, not on the business.

It is tempting to stay in the comfort zone of the day-to-day rather than face the reality of the business by researching your reports.

But the only way you can truly know how your business is going is by checking your back-of-house reports to find your Key Performance Indicators. Knowing your numbers and understanding the data in your reports helps you to be a better manager — and run a better business.

Get into the habit of printing and analysing your daily, weekly and monthly reports to improve your business performance. It only takes a short time each morning, and it increases your chances of meeting your targets and budgets exponentially.

To help you out on which reports to run, let me suggest my top 10.

1. Analyse Sales report
You should run this report daily; it keeps you on your toes and details your sales history.

You have sales budgets, and it is important that you meet them. This report shows you the productivity of your sales team. It also tells you who your most important customers are — the ones who spend the most money.

Learn who these customers are to be sure you are giving them excellent customer service.

2. Sales Customer Detail report
This report shows you which customer is ordering what. This enables you to better know your customer and offer them superb customer service by suggesting other items they might like to purchase from you.

This report also enables you to set your production or ordering schedule. If you are selling items, then your stock levels need to be replenished.

3. Sales Register
This report should be done each morning to track where you are on outstanding quotes, sales in progress and finalised sales.

Your sales people value leadership, and this report allows you to have a conversation with each salesperson every morning to set their daily task list.

4. Aged Receivables Summary
Use this report to monitor your cash flow — the cash you have on hand to pay bills and run your business.

I’m sure you have terms on your invoices, and it’s important that your clients or customers don’t abuse their privileges. Each time a customer takes longer to pay their account, the more it costs you.

Make it a habit to print this report every week and ring each customer whose account is outside your terms of trade. The squeaky wheel gets the grease — make sure you are that squeaky wheel.

Want more invoicing tips? Read 6 quick fixes to improve your invoicing process.

5. Cash Flow Analysis report
This report is gold for the business owner. It will show you what cash will be coming into and out of your account over a set period of time.

If this report shows a negative, it will give you all the more reason to use the aged receivables report from above to identify those customers outside trading terms and ring them to get their money in.

6. To-Do List Receivables report
This report should be run daily. It will tell you whose account is due when.

It’s a great opportunity to ring a client when their account is due to firstly offer further sales assistance and potentially sell more product. You can also mention that their account is due.

This is a great initiative to not only build sales but also to offer superior customer service.

7. Bank Register report
Run this report daily to check to your bank statement.

It helps to identify that your sales from the day before have in fact been banked and that the right amount has been banked. The number of times I have seen money disappear from when it leaves your office until it hits the bank is mind-boggling.Finding an error the next day is always easier than trying to find it next week or next month.

8. Undeposited Funds report
This report helps you keep an eye on transactions that have been paid by the customer and receipted in your system but are yet to hit the bank.

It gives you an idea of how much cash is sitting in your store and whether it is over your insurance levels. It will also show you how much money you have waiting to be settled from credit card transactions.

9. Profit & Loss report
This is a monthly report that is essential for any businessperson to use. It shows you how much profit you have made.

Diving deep into this report will show you where your sales and expenses are coming from. Paying close attention to small improvements on every line of this report will lead to greater profitability.

Want to get a handle on the key drivers of increasing profit? Read more here.

10. Profit & Loss Report to Budget
This report compares your actual figures to those you budgeted for previously in the year.

It will show you if you are on track to reach the goals you set yourself and your business when you prepared your budgets. It helps you to run a tight ship.

Having a software system is a given in business. Using it effectively is the difference between a good businessperson and a successful businessperson.

To view the original article, click here.

Small Business Accounting Software: Use Free Software or Pay?

A big part of what Accounting Works Solutions does is help small businesses implement a user-friendly system (including software and accounting platforms) to meet with current and future accounting needs.  Whether that means invoicing, inventory cost estimation, tracking expenses, or payroll - it's important to plan for growth.  My experience is that when small businesses start from the ground up working with a professional accountant, they save time, hassle, and money.  If you get started with the correct platform right away, it can not only grow along with your needs but it can save you from having to learn an entirely new system once you've achieved your growth goals. 

How to Choose Between Free and Paid Small Business Accounting Software

By: Juan Martinez

As your company matures, it's important to determine whether or not you need a software upgrade to streamline business processes. This is particularly true in saturated industries. If dozens of reliable partners are available to meet your needs, how do you determine who to choose, how much to spend, and whether or not your choice tool is secure enough to handle your data? Perhaps no other industry creates this dilemma like the accounting software market.

With freemium, small business, and enterprise tools available, it can be difficult for small to midsize businesses (SMBs) to determine which solution is right for them. You might have the money to buy expensive software such as Cougar Mountain Denali Summit and Microsoft Dynamics GP, but do you really need all of that customization functionality and scale? Conversely, you might be able to get away with using free tools by companies such as Wave, but is the tool smart enough to handle more complex tasks?

To find out what SMBs should look for when choosing paid accounting software, I spoke with Scott Davisson, co-founder of Acclivity, provider of desktop-based small business accounting tool AccountEdge. I asked him about pricing, flexibility, security, and customer service.

1. Does Your Paid Software Do More Than the Core Four? 

Davisson said most of the free accounting tools can handle account management, expense tracking, invoicing, and sales. These are the bare minimum tasks that any tool should be able to help you accomplish, regardless of how much you're willing to pay.

"That's the core," said Davisson. "If all you need is to do that, then you're probably fine on a freemium model. As those needs get more complex…that's where you might start to evaluate your needs about what's out in the market and how much it costs."

Additional needs might arise that your freemium tool can't handle. If you need software that can handle things such as billing for time, inventory tracking and payroll, you're probably going to need to invest in a paid tool. Also, although most free tools can handle sales data, if your business has multiple departments, you might want to consider going with a more complex tool because most freemium tools won't allow you to enter sales data by department (rather, you'll need to enter the data as one lump unit).

2. How Flexible is Your Accounting Tool? 

One of the main reasons businesses select enterprise-level accounting software over lower-cost or freemium applications is that enterprise tools often provide limitless customizations that can bend and layer the software specific to each client's needs. Small business tools, such as the one provided by Acclivity, won't offer that level of complexity.

However, this doesn't mean you're stuck with what comes out of the box. Think about what third-party integrations your SMB software offers. Does it integrate with a customer relationship management (CRM) tool? Does it pull in data from your e-commerce software? If a small business accounting tool can provide you with multiple integrations and add-ons, then you might not need to spend big bucks on an enterprise-level platform.

"The software needs to be flexible enough to meet your needs," said Davisson. "But it's a tricky goal. Our software isn't for one specific type of industry. We need to have a solution that fits your needs, but we don't have that out-of-the-box customizability. We're sort of like a Swiss Army knife. Our add-ons give customers additional components that bolt onto the software to continue to make it relevant to their needs."

3. Is Your Software Secure? 

One of the main points of differentiation that you'll find between enterprise-class, SMB, and freemium accounting software is the level of security that your vendor intends to provide. If you're not paying a cent for your software, do you realistically expect Fort Knox-level security?

This is one of the reasons Davisson said his clients prefer on-premises software to cloud-based tools. "A lot of people are pulled to the cloud against their will," he said. "But they don't trust their finances in the cloud. It's about security and control."

AccountEdge is a desktop-based tool that can be expanded into the cloud with a companion app. However, Acclivity doesn't offer a cloud-only version of the tool. "Part of why we're seeing a lot of activity and interest is because, once we license the desktop software, you can put it on your own network, behind a firewall, it's yours," Davisson said. "In terms of security, that gives you the ultimate control."

This doesn't mean that cloud-based tools are inherently less secure than desktop apps. For example, Intuit QuickBooks Online Plus stores data on firewall-protected servers where the data is encrypted. When your data leaves the web browser, it's transmitted over Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) encryption technology. Intuit also lets administrators limit who can access specific types of data inside the tool should they decide to make certain information available to executive-level employees only.

4. Customer Service 

This one should be a no-brainer. The more competitive a market becomes, the more important customer service has to be. Can you reach your accounting software vendor if and when something isn't properly working? Can you reach them on the medium of your choice or do they force you to pick a specific communication platform? Are the service representatives speaking your language or did the vendor outsource its help desk team?

These are incredibly important questions you should ask each of your prospective vendors. It's highly likely that enterprise-level accounting software will offer 24/7 support, especially if you're willing to make five-figure annual payments or more. However, if you're trying to choose among a list of freemium and paid SMB tools, you'll want to closely investigate your service options.

To view the original article, click here.